International Journal of Health Policy and Management

Adam Bertscher; Britta Katharina Matthes; James Nobles; Anna B. Gilmore; Krista Bondy; Amber van den Akker; Sarah Dance; Michael Bloomfield; Mateusz Zatoński

The Perils of Partnership: Interactions Between Public Health England, Drinkaware, and the Portman Group Surrounding the Drink Free Days Campaign

Pages 1-9

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8245

Nason Maani; May CI Van Schalkwyk; Mark Petticrew

What Lies Beneath? The Role of Community Engagement in Translating COVID-19 Research Findings to Policy-Makers

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8249

Bronwen Merner; Sophie Hill; Freya Saich; Ariane Virgona; Defeng Jin; Alisa Pedrana; Coral Keren; Rachel Kar Yee Chung; Deborah Osborne; Anna Lee Wilkinson; Alison Coelho; Lisa Gibbs; Katherine B. Gibney; Margaret Hellard; Dean Lusher; Rebecca Ryan

Discrepancies Among Hospitals and Regions in the Provision of Low-Value Care

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7876

Yu-Chen Kuo; Kuan-Chia Lin; Elise Chia-Hui Tan

Association of Launch Price and Clinical Value With Reimbursement Decisions for Anticancer Drugs in China

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8150

Jing Zhou; Hao Lu; Jay Pan

“Caught in Each Other’s Traps”: Factors Perpetuating Incentive-Linked Prescribing Deals Between Physicians and the Pharmaceutical Industry

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8213

Mishal Sameer Khan; Afifah Rahman-Shepherd; Muhammad Naveed Noor; Amna Rehana Siddiqui; Catherine Goodman; Virginia Wiseman; Afshan Khurshid Isani; Wafa Aftab; Sabeen Sharif; Sadia Shakoor; Sameen Siddiqi; Rumina Hasan

Forecasting the Early Impact of COVID-19 on Physician Supply in EU Countries

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7555

Peter Klimek; Katharina Ledebur; Michael Gyimesi; Herwig Ostermann; Stefan Thurner

Comparison of Three Regional Medicines Regulatory Harmonisation Initiatives in Africa: Opportunities for Improvement and Alignment

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8070

Tariro Sithole; Nancy Ngum; Mercy Owusu-Asante; Stuart Walker; Sam Salek

Effect of the Presence of Emergency Departments With 300 or More Hospital Beds in Health Service Areas on 30-Day Mortality in Korea: A Nationwide Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Pages 1-8

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8010

Stephen Gyung Won Lee; Haibin Bai; Joo Won Park; Seonhwa Lee; Mi Young Kwak; Won Mo Jang

A Systems Innovation Perspective on Implementation and Sustainment Barriers for Healthy Food Store Interventions: A Reflexive Monitoring in Action Study in Dutch Supermarkets

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8036

Cédric N.H. Middel; Tjerk Jan Schuitmaker-Warnaar; Joreintje D. Mackenbach; Jacqueline E.W. Broerse

Analysis of the Prognosis Outcomes and Treatment Delay Among ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients in Emergency Department Based on the Presence of Symptoms Suggestive of COVID-19

Pages 1-8

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8207

David Samuel Kwak; Joonbum Park

The Meso-Level in Quality Improvement: Perspectives From a Maternal-Neonatal Health Partnership in South Africa

Pages 1-9

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7948

Helen Schneider; Solange Mianda

How Primary Healthcare Sector is Organized at the Territorial Level in France? A Typology of Territorial Structuring

Pages 1-13

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8231

Sylvain Gautier; Loïc Josseran

Exploring the County Level Mortality Pattern Variations in Rural Areas of Iran (2006-2016)

Pages 1-8

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8032

Mehrangiz Rezaee; Nader Tavakoli; Siamak Tahmasbi

Empowerment of Lay Mental Health Workers and Junior Psychologists Online in a Task-Shared, Rural Setting in Kerala, India

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7566

Rekha Pallikkuth; T. Manoj Kumar; Claudia T. Dictus; Joske F. G. Bunders

Technical Efficiency of Prevention Services for Functional Dependency in Japan’s Public Long-term Care Insurance System: An Ecological Study

Pages 1-8

10.34172/ijhpm.8226

Ayumi Hashimoto; Hideki Hashimoto; Hiroyuki Kawaguchi

System-Based Interventions to Address Physician Burnout: A Qualitative Study of Canadian Family Physicians’ Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Pages 1-9

10.34172/ijhpm.8166

Maria Mathews; Samina Idrees; Dana Ryan; Lindsay Hedden; Julia Lukewich; Emily Gard Marshall; Judith Belle Brown; Paul Gill; Madeleine McKay; Eric Wong; Leslie Meredith; Lauren Moritz; Sarah Spencer

Achieving Diagnostic Excellence: Roadmaps to Develop and Use Patient-Reported Measures With an Equity Lens

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.8048

Kathryn M. McDonald; Kelly T. Gleason; Anushka Jajodia; Helen Haskell; Vadim Dukhanin

Changing Reimbursement Criteria on Anti-VEGF Treatment Patterns Among Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema Patients: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.8210

Yu-Wen Huang; Lin-Chieh Meng; Li-Jiuan Shen; Chih-Fen Huang; Liang-Kung Chen; Fei-Yuan Hsiao

Why Was the Policy Idea on the Health Benefits Package Advisory Panel Gazetted in Kenya? A Retrospective Policy Analysis

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.7608

Rahab Mbau; Anna Vassall; Lucy Gilson; Edwine Barasa

Negative Emotions Are Associated With Older Self-perceived Age: A Cross-section Study From the UK Biobank

Pages 1-8

10.34172/ijhpm.8060

Tianyi Wang; Shixing Feng; Junqi Wang; Hangyu Li; Yang Song; Dongran Han; Yixing Liu

Building Cross-sectoral Collaborations to Address Perinatal Health Inequities: Insights From the Dutch Healthy Pregnancy 4 All-3 Program

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.8115

Leonie A. Daalderop; Lisa S. Barsties; Frank van Steenbergen; Adja J.M. Waelput; Jacqueline Lagendijk; Jasper V. Been; Eric A.P. Steegers; Derk Loorbach

Public Heterogeneous Preferences for Low-Dose Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Screening Service Delivery in Western China: A Discrete Choice Experiment

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.8259

Wenjuan Tao; Ting Bao; Tao Gu; Jay Pan; Weimin Li; Ruicen Li

Examining the Contextual Factors Influencing Intersectoral Action for the SDGs: Insights From Canadian Federal Policy Leaders

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.8108

Joslyn Trowbridge; Julia Y. Tan; Sameera Hussain; Erica Di Ruggiero

Effect of Cost-Exemption Policy on Treatment Interruption in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis in South Korea

Pages 1-9

10.34172/ijhpm.8262

Sang Chul Lee; Jae Kwang Lee; Hyun Woo Ji; Jung Mo Lee; Seon Cheol Park; Chang Hoon Han

Decentralisation of the Health System Derailed by Organisational Inertia in Machinga, Malawi

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.7956

Sandram Erixy Naluso; MacDonald Isaac Kanyangale

Generating Political Priority for the Health Needs of the 21st Century: A Qualitative Policy Analysis on the Prioritization of Rehabilitation Services in Uganda

Pages 1-14

10.34172/ijhpm.8347

Rachel Neill; Elizeus Rutebemberwa; Raymond Tweheyo; Sam Tukei Ojulo; Gerald Okello; Abdulgafoor M. Bachani; Yusra Ribhi Shawar

Frontrunning, Free-Riding and Over-Aspiring: A Case Study Exploring How Configurations of Involvement, Social Comparison and Organizational Goal Attainment Affect Perceived Network Goal Attainment

Pages 1-13

10.34172/ijhpm.8050

Galina van der Weert; Katarzyna Burzynska; Joris Knoben

Retailer Responses to Public Consultations on the Adoption of Takeaway Management Zones Around Schools: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.8294

Matthew Keeble; Michael Chang; Daniel Derbyshire; Martin White; Jean Adams; Ben Amies-Cull; Steven Cummins; Suzan Hassan; Bochu Liu; Antonieta Medina-Lara; Oliver Mytton; Tarra L. Penney; John Rahilly; Nina Rogers; Bea Savory; Annie Schiff; Richard Smith; Claire Thompson; Thomas Burgoine

Tobacco Industry Engagement in the House of Commons Science and Technology Select Committee E-Cigarettes Inquiry

Pages 1-10

10.34172/ijhpm.8341

Benjamin Hawkins

Learning From Countries on Measuring and Defining Community-Based Resilience in Health Systems: Voices From Nepal, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ethiopia

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.7996

Angeli Rawat; Katrina Hsu; Agazi Ameha; Asha Pun; Kebir Hassen; Aline Simen-Kapeu; Nuzhat Rafique; Macoura Oulare; Jonas Karlstrom; Sameera Hussain; Kumanan Rasanathan

Valuing SF-6Dv2 Using a Discrete Choice Experiment in a General Population in Quebec, Canada

Pages 1-12

10.34172/ijhpm.8404

Hosein Ameri; Thomas G. Poder

Understanding the Politics of Food Regulation and Public Health: An Analysis of Codex Standard-Setting Processes on Food Labelling

Pages 1-18

10.34172/ijhpm.8310

Monique Boatwright; Mark Lawrence; Angela Carriedo; Scott Slater; David McCoy; Tanita Northcott; Phillip Baker

To What Extent Can Digital Health Technologies Comply With the Principles of Responsible Innovation? Practiceand Policy-Oriented Research Insights Regarding an Organisational and Systemic Issue

Pages 1-14

10.34172/ijhpm.8061

Hassane Alami; Pascale Lehoux; Sara E. Shaw; Marietou Niang; Kathy Malas; Jean-Paul Fortin

In-Between Policy Vision and Practical Realities of Primary Healthcare: A Case Study in Rural Northern Sweden

Pages 1-11

10.34172/ijhpm.8372

Hanna Blåhed; Frida Jonsson; Anna-Karin Hurtig

How Do the Determinants of Collaborative Consumption Influence Its Use in Healthcare? A Managerial Perspective

Pages 1-16

10.34172/ijhpm.8453

Luigi Piper; Lucrezia Maria de Cosmo; Marco Benvenuto; Carmine Viola

Commentary

Grappling With the Inclusion of Patients and the Public in Consensus Building: A Commentary on Inclusion, Safety, and Accessibility; Comment on “Evaluating Public Participation in a Deliberative Dialogue: A Single Case Study”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7715

Davina Banner; Katrina Plamondon; Nelly D. Oelke

Profits First, Health Second: The Pharmaceutical Industry and the Global South; Comment on “More Pain, More Gain! The Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Widening the Access Gap”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8471

Joel Lexchin

Ethical and Practical Considerations for an Agreement to Ensure Equitable Vaccine Access; Comment on “More Pain, More Gain! The Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Widening the Access Gap”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8516

Gustavo Ortiz-Millán

All Hands on Deck. Transforming the Health System Requires Innovation, Through Individual- and Diffusion Efforts; Comment on “Employee-Driven Innovation in Health Organizations: Insights From a Scoping Review”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8506

Willem H. van Harten

We Need a Combination of Approaches to Evaluate Health System Resilience; Comment on “Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8564

Julia Zimmermann; Marina Karanikolos; Jonathan Cylus; Martin McKee

Resilience: Now What?; Comment on “Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8563

Laura Kihlström; Soila Karreinen

Factors of Power and Equity: Enhancing Our Health System Resilience Research Frameworks; Comment on “Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8606

Stephanie M. Topp

Strengthening the Workforce for Equity-Centered Learning Health Systems: Reflections on Embedded Research and Research Generalism; Comment on “Early Career Outcomes of Embedded Research Fellows: An Analysis of the Health System Impact Fellowship Program”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8611

Brianne Wood; Roya Daneshmand

A Multifaceted Approach to Health Crisis in the Philippines; Comment on “Experiences and Implications of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Emergency in Italy: A Social Science Perspective”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8600

Dalmacito A. Cordero Jr.

Generating “Différance” or an Ontology That Is Same Old Same Old; Comment on “The Generative Mechanisms of Financial Strain and Financial Well-Being: A Critical Realist Analysis of Ideology and Difference”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8565

Lynn McIntyre; Catherine L. Mah

Political Prioritization of Access to Medicines and Right to Health: Need for an Effective Global Health Governance Through Global Health Diplomacy; Comment on “More Pain, More Gain! The Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Widening the Access Gap”

Pages 1-5

10.34172/ijhpm.8578

Vijay Kumar Chattu; Anjali Pushkaran; Prakash Narayanan

Narrative Preparedness: Policy-Makers Must Engage With People’s Values and Experiences to Ensure Effective Implementation of Interventions in Health Emergencies; Comment on “Health Preparedness and Narrative Rationality: A Call for Narrative Preparedness”

Pages 1-5

10.34172/ijhpm.8627

Catherine Grant

Essential Factors on Effective Response at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic; Comment on “Experiences and Implications of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Emergency in Italy: A Social Science Perspective”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8642

Jesús Cortes; Matilde Pacheco; Inês Fronteira

Learning Health Systems Are Resilient Health Systems Comment on “Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8676

Rachel Neill; Michael A. Peters

Organizational Culture Relation With Innovation; Comment on “Employee-Driven Innovation in Health Organizations: Insights From a Scoping Review”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8583

Hatem H. Alsaqqa

Next Steps for Medical Specialist Enterprises in the Netherlands: Building Strong Clinical Governance and Leadership; Comment on “Alignment in the Hospital-Physician Relationship: A Qualitative Multiple Case Study of Medical Specialist Enterprises in the Netherlands”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8639

Robin D.C. Gauld

Pandemic Agreement Must Include Levers to Redirect Pharmaceutical Industry Behaviour During Pandemics; Comment on “More Pain, More Gain! The Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Widening the Access Gap”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8589

Deborah Gleeson; James Scheibner; Brigitte Frances Tenni; Belinda Townsend; Dianne Nicol

Practices of Trans-National Corporations: The Need to Change Global Economic and Political Norms; Comment on “National Public Health Surveillance of Corporations in Key Unhealthy Commodity Industries – A Scoping Review and Framework Synthesis”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8660

Fran Baum; Julia Anaf

Bringing Trust Building to Life Within Health Policy-Making; Comment on “Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8662

Felix Gille; Paola Daniore; Federica Zavattaro

Is a Government-Led Approach to Surveil Unhealthy Commodity Industries Feasible?; Comment on “National Public Health Surveillance of Corporations in Key Unhealthy Commodity Industries – A Scoping Review and Framework Synthesis”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8601

Angela Carriedo; Margarita Otero-Alvarez; Carmen Levis

Activating Mechanisms Through Employee-Driven Innovation; Comment on “Employee-Driven Innovation in Health Organizations: Insights From a Scoping Review”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8612

Carolyn Steele Gray

Training an Embedded Workforce to Realize Health System Impacts and the Promise of Learning Health Systems; Comment on “Early Career Outcomes of Embedded Research Fellows: An Analysis of the Health System Impact Fellowship Program”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8667

Elizabeth M. Yano

Why Systems Thinking is Needed to Center Trust in Health Policy and Systems; Comment on “Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8706

Diane T. Finegood; Chris Yakimov

Countering Coloniality in Global Health; Comment on “The Rhetoric of Decolonizing Global Health Fails to Address the Reality of Settler Colonialism: Gaza as a Case in Point”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8670

Autumn Asher BlackDeer

How Could We Establish Monitoring and Surveillance of Health-Harming Corporations and Can Governments Be Trusted to Do It?; Comment on “National Public Health Surveillance of Corporations in Key Unhealthy Commodity Industries – A Scoping Review and Framework Synthesis”

Pages 1-5

10.34172/ijhpm.8621

Anna B. Gilmore; Raouf Alebshehy; Stella Bialous

Construct Clarity in Physician-Hospital Alignment: The Need for Precision in Definition, Measurement, and Management; Comment on “Alignment in the Hospital-Physician Relationship: A Qualitative Multiple Case Study of Medical Specialist Enterprises in the Netherlands”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8644

Chad T. Brinsfield

Building Trust and Trustworthiness in Public Institutions: Essential Elements in Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems; Comment on “Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8782

David H. Peters

Can’t Contracting Be Relational?; Comment on “Alignment in the Hospital-Physician Relationship: A Qualitative Multiple Case Study of Medical Specialist Enterprises in the Netherlands”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8651

David Hughes

Confronting the Colonial Roots of Global Health Inequities in Gaza; Comment on “The Rhetoric of Decolonizing Global Health Fails to Address the Reality of Settler Colonialism: Gaza as a Case in Point”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8768

Guido Veronese; Ashraf Kagee; Yasser Abu Jamei

Reflections on the Health System Impact Fellowship and the Future of Embedded Research; Comment on “Early Career Outcomes of Embedded Research Fellows: An Analysis of the Health System Impact Fellowship Program”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8615

Elena Lopatina; Deepa Singal; Kiran Pohar Manhas

The Role of Social Movements in Reducing Harmful Corporate Practices; Comment on “National Public Health Surveillance of Corporations in Key Unhealthy Commodity Industries – A Scoping Review and Framework Synthesis”

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.8664

Nicholas Freudenberg

Required Capabilities for Employee-Driven Innovation to Emerge in Healthcare Organizations; Comment on “Employee-Driven Innovation in Health Organizations: Insights from a Scoping Review”

Pages 1-5

10.34172/ijhpm.8744

Zakaria Belrhiti

Training it Forward: The Role of Embedded Research Fellows in the Network of Scholars Program in Nova Scotia; Comment on “Early Career Outcomes of Embedded Research Fellows: An Analysis of the Health System Impact Fellowship Program”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8653

Gail Tomblin Murphy; Tara Sampalli; Mark Embrett; Logan Lawrence; Meaghan Sim; Julia Guk; Kaylee Murphy-Boyle; Marta MacInnis

Life After the HSIF: Lessons From Diffusion of Innovation for Sustaining the Impact of Embeddedness; Comment on “Early Career Outcomes of Embedded Research Fellows: An Analysis of the Health System Impact Fellowship Program”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8663

Mark Embrett; Meaghan Sim

Research Coproduction: How Can Coproduction Teams Increase Traffic on the Pathway to Impact?; Comment on “Research Coproduction: An Underused Pathway to Impact”

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.8804

Emily R. Ramage; Erin Bicknell; Saran Chamberlain; Brooke Parsons; Catherine M. Said; Elizabeth A. Lynch

Correspondence

Clinical Decision Support and New Regulatory Frameworks for Medical Devices: Are We There Yet? A Response to the Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-2

10.34172/ijhpm.2023.8388

Katoo M. Muylle; Audrey Van Scharen; Veronique Shiwa; Pieter Cornu

Helping Healthcare to Help Itself: A Response to the Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.2023.8384

Paul Holmström; Thomas Björk-Eriksson; Fredrik Bååthe; Caroline Olsson

Evidence-Informed Surgical Systems Strengthening with Meaningful Stakeholder Involvement in Low-Resource Settings: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.2023.8387

Leon Bijlmakers; Ruairí Brugha; Martilord Ifeanyichi; Jakub Gajewski; Henk Broekhuizen

Policy Horses Still Running Around Healthcare Courses: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-2

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8454

Martin Powell; Russell Mannion

Quality Measurement in Shanghai From a Global Perspective; A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-5

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8491

Alon Rasooly; Yancen Pan; Zhenqing Tang; Jiangjiang He; Ruitai Shao; Moriah E. Ellen; Orly Manor; Shanlian Hu; Nadav Davidovitch

Praxis, Power, and Processes: Youth Participation in Health Policy – A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-3

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8567

Tanya Jacobs; Asha George

Moving Towards Effective and Efficient Implementation of Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes for Health Benefit Package Design: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-2

10.34172/ijhpm.8647

Wija Oortwijn; Maarten Jansen; Leon Bijlmakers; Gavin Surgey; Rob Baltussen

Standing on the Shoulder of Power, Representation and Relational Trust; A Response to Recent Commentaries

Pages 1-2

10.34172/ijhpm.8695

Anita Kothari; Rebecca Ganann; Tiffany N. Scurr; Shannon L. Sibbald

Viewpoint

Why Are African Researchers Left Behind in Global Scientific Publications? – A Viewpoint

Pages 1-4

10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8149

Juliet Nabyonga-Orem; James Avoka Asamani; Olushayo Olu

Fostering Experiential Learning and Evidence-Informed Impact in Health Systems: Reflections From a Canadian Health System Impact Fellow

Pages 1-6

10.34172/ijhpm.8074

Jawad Chishtie; Peter Kellett; Mohammed Imran; Meaghan Sim; Shawna Cronin; Christopher Collins; Beverley Catharine Craven; Sara Guilcher; Susan Jaglal