Oral Hygiene Status in a General Population of Iran, 2011: A Key Lifestyle Marker in Relation to Common Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Deputy for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

2 Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

5 National Program for Disease Registries and Health Outcomes, Deputy for Research, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background
To estimate Oral Hygiene (OH) status in the Iranian population in 2011, and to determine the influence of socio-economic characteristics on OH, and its interrelation with common risk factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).
 
Methods
Data including a total of 12,105 individuals aged 6-70 years were obtained from the sixth round of the surveys of NCDs risk factors in Iran. OH was recorded through a structured questionnaire measuring daily frequencies of tooth brushing and dental flossing. Descriptive analyses were performed on demographic characteristics in the complex sample survey setting. We also employed weighted binary logistic regression to compute Odds Ratio (OR) as a measure of association between the response and explanatory factors. Furthermore, to construct an asset index, we utilized Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
 
Results
The percentage with minimum recommended daily OH practices was 3.7% among men and 7.7% among women  (OR= 2.3; P< 0.001). Urban citizens were more likely to have their teeth cleaned compared to rural people (OR= 2.8; P< 0.001). For both genders, a relatively better condition was observed in the 25–34 age group (male: 5.6%; female: 10.3%). In addition, OH status improved significantly by increase in both level of education (P< 0.001) and economic status (P< 0.001). There were also apparent associations between self-care practices and specific behavioral risk factors, though the correlation with dietary habits and tobacco use could be largely explained by socio-economic factors.
 
Conclusion
OH situation in Iran calls for urgent need to assign proper interventions and strategies toward raising public awareness and reducing disparities in access to health facilities.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 30 September 2014
  • Revise Date: 17 January 2015
  • Accept Date: 28 January 2015
  • First Publish Date: 01 June 2015

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