@article { author = {Rycroft-Malone, Jo and Burton, Christopher and Bucknall, Tracey and Graham, Ian D. and Hutchinson, Alison and Stacey, Dawn}, title = {Collaboration and Co-Production of Knowledge in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {221-223}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.08}, abstract = {Over time there has been a shift, at least in the rhetoric, from a pipeline conceptualisation of knowledge implementation, to one that recognises the potential of more collaboration, co-productive approaches to knowledge production and use. In this editorial, which is grounded in our research and collective experience, we highlight both the potential and challenge with collaboration and co-production. This includes issues about stakeholder engagement, governance arrangements, and capacity and capability for working in a coproductive way. Finally, we reflect on the fact that this approach is not a panacea, but is accompanied by some philosophical and practical challenges.}, keywords = {Knowledge Translation (KT),Knowledge,Co-production,Collaboration}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3152.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3152_02649745e3603ef9302cae1d42b89900.pdf} } @article { author = {Majidi, Azam and Ghiasvand, Reza and Hadji, Maryam and Nahvijou, Azin and Mousavi, Azam-Sadat and Pakgohar, Minoo and Khodakarami, Nahid and Abedini, Mehrandokht and Amouzegar Hashemi, Farnaz and Rahnamaye Farzami, Marjan and Shahsiah, Reza and Sajedinejhad, Sima and Mohagheghi, Mohammad Ali and Nadali, Fatemeh and Rashidian, Arash and Weiderpass, Elisabete and Mogensen, Ole and Zendehdel, Kazem}, title = {Priority Setting for Improvement of Cervical Cancer Prevention in Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {225-232}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2015.201}, abstract = {Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. Organized cervical screening and vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV) have been successful interventions for prevention of invasive cervical cancer (ICC). Because of cultural and religious considerations, ICC has low incidence in Iran and many other Muslim countries. There is no organized cervical screening in these countries. Therefore, ICC is usually diagnosed in advanced stages with poor prognosis in these countries. We performed a priority setting exercise and suggested priorities for prevention of ICC in this setting.   Methods We invited experts and researchers to a workshop and asked them to list important suggestions for ICC prevention in Iran. After merging similar items and removing the duplicates, we asked the experts to rank the list of suggested items. We used a strategy grid and Go-zone analysis to determine final list of priorities for ICC prevention in Iran.   Results From 26 final items suggested as priorities for prevention of ICC, the most important priorities were developing national guidelines for cervical screening and quality control protocol for patient follow-up and management of precancerous lesions. In addition, we emphasized considering insurance coverage for cervical screening, public awareness, and research priorities, and establishment of a cervical screening registry.   Conclusion A comprehensive approach and implementation of organized cervical screening program is necessary for prevention of ICC in Iran and other low incidence Muslim countries. Because of high cost for vaccination and low incidence of cervical cancer, we do not recommend HPV vaccination for the time being in Iran.}, keywords = {Invasive Cervical Cancer (ICC),Priority Setting,Screening,Prevention and Control,Iran}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3131.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3131_647cfc6bf6673efb488587414bb65dd6.pdf} } @article { author = {Patel, Prakash and Rana, Jayesh and Jangid, Sunil G. and Bavarva, Neha and Patel, Manan and Bansal, Raj Kumar}, title = {Vaccine Wastage Assessment After Introduction of Open Vial Policy in Surat Municipal Corporation Area of India}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {233-236}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2015.208}, abstract = {Background As per the vaccine management policy of the Government of India all vaccine vials opened for an immunization session were discarded at the end of that session, irrespective of the type of vaccine or the number of doses remaining in the vial prior to 2013. Subsequently, open vial policy (OVP) was introduced in 2013 and should reduce both vaccine wastage as well as governmental healthcare costs for immunization. This study evaluates the vaccine wastage after introduction of the OVP and its comparison with the previous study of vaccine wastage in Surat city before implementation of OVP. It needs to mention that the vaccine policy for this period under comparison was uniform except for the OVP.   Methods Information regarding vaccine doses consumed and children vaccinated during immunization sessions of 24 urban health centers (UHCs) of Surat city were retrieved for the period of January 1st, 2014 to March 31st, 2014. The data were analyzed to estimate vaccine wastage rate (WR) and vaccine wastage factor (WF). In order to assess the impact of OVP, vaccine WR of this study was compared with that of previous study conducted in Surat city during January 1st, 2012 to March 31st, 2012.   Results The vaccine WR for oral polio vaccine (OPV) has decreased from 25% to 13.62%, while the WRs for DPT, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the pentavalent vaccine combinedly have decreased from 17.94% to 8.05%. Thus, by implementation of OVP, an estimated 747 727 doses of OPV and 343 725 doses of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus toxoid vaccine (DPT), HBV and the pentavalent vaccines combinedly have been saved in Surat city of India in a year.   Conclusion The implementation of the OVP in Surat city has led to a significant lowering in the vaccine wastage, leading to savings due to lower vaccine requirements.}, keywords = {Open Vial Policy (OVP),Vaccine Wastage Rate (WR),Vaccine Wastage Factor (WF),Pentavalent Vaccine}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3137.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3137_5d9e68112265f805fd4ebea8f60cbc9f.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezayatmand, Reza and Pavlova, Milena and Groot, Wim}, title = {Socio-economic Aspects of Health-Related Behaviors and Their Dynamics: A Case Study for the Netherlands}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {237-251}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2015.212}, abstract = {Background Previous studies have mostly focused on socio-demographic and health-related determinants of health-related behaviors. Although comprehensive health insurance coverage could discourage individual lifestyle improvement due to the ex-ante moral hazard problem, few studies have examined such effects. This study examines the association of a comprehensive set of factors including socio-demographic, health status, health insurance, and perceived change in health insurance coverage with health-related behaviors and their dynamics (ie, changes in behavior).   Methods Using Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data (a European aging survey among 50+ years old) for the Netherlands in 2004 and 2007 (sample size: 1745), binary and multinomial logit models are employed to study health-related behaviors (daily smoking, excessive alcohol use, and physical inactivity in 2004) and their corresponding changes (stopping or starting unhealthy behavior between 2004 and 2007).   Results Our findings show that being older, being female, having higher education and living with a partner increase the likelihood not to be a daily smoker or to stop daily smoking. At the same time, being older (OR = 3.02 [1.31, 6.95]) and being female (OR = 1.77 [1.05, 2.96]) increases the likelihood to be or to become physically inactive. We also find that worse perceived health insurance coverage in 2007 is associated with a lower likelihood (OR = 0.19 [0.06, 0.57]) of stopping excessive alcohol use in that year. However, we do not find a strong association between the type of health insurance and health behavior.   Conclusion Our findings show that all above mentioned factors (ie, socio-demographic and health status factors) are associated with health-related behavior but not in a consistent way across all behaviors. Moreover, the dynamics of each behavior (positive or negative change) is not necessarily determined by the same factors that determine the state of that behavior. We also find that better perceived health insurance coverage is associated with a healthier lifestyle which is not compatible with an ex-ante moral hazard interpretation. Our results provide input to target policies towards elderly individuals in need of lifestyle change. However, further research should be done to identify the causal effect of health insurance on health-related behavior.}, keywords = {Health Insurance,Health-Related Behavior,Healthier Lifestyle,The Netherlands,Ex-ante,Moral Hazard}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3145.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3145_175d9bba5400f63c8f9ababded2bc3c1.pdf} } @article { author = {Bazyar, Mohammad and Rashidian, Arash and Kane, Sumit and Vaez Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza and Akbari Sari, Ali and Doshmangir, Leila}, title = {Policy Options to Reduce Fragmentation in the Pooling of Health Insurance Funds in Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {253-258}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.12}, abstract = {There are fragmentations in Iran’s health insurance system. Multiple health insurance funds exist, without adequate provisions for transfer or redistribution of cross subsidy among them. Multiple risk pools, including several private secondary insurance schemes, have resulted in a tiered health insurance system with inequitable benefit packages for different segments of the population. Also fragmentation might have contributed to inefficiency in the health insurance systems, a low financial protection against healthcare expenditures for the insured persons, high coinsurance rates, a notable rate of insurance coverage duplication, low contribution of well-funded institutes with generous benefit package to the public health insurance schemes, underfunding and severe financial shortages for the public funds, and a lack of transparency and reliable data and statistics for policy-making. We have conducted a policy analysis study, including qualitative interviews of key informants and document analysis. As a result we introduce three policy options: keeping the existing structural fragmentations of social health insurance (SHI) schemes but implementing a comprehensive “policy integration” strategy; consolidation of existing health insurance funds and creating a single national health insurance scheme; and reducing fragmentation by merging minor well-resourced funds together and creating two or three large insurance funds under the umbrella of the existing organizations. These policy options with their advantages and disadvantages are explained in the paper.}, keywords = {Fragmentation,Health Insurance Funds in Iran,Integration of Policies,Consolidation,Risk Pooling}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3160.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3160_57ea64ea68190dafa8de87e881d446d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Carter, Pam and Martin, Graham}, title = {Challenges Facing Healthwatch, a New Consumer Champion in England}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {259-263}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.07}, abstract = {This article engages with debates about the conceptualisation and practical challenges of patient and public involvement (PPI) in health and social care services. Policy in this area in England has shifted numerous times but increasingly a consumerist discourse seems to override more democratic ideas concerning the relationship between citizens and public services. Recent policy change in England has seen the creation of new consumer champion bodies in the form of local Healthwatch. The article describes these new organisational structures for PPI and shows how those who seek to influence planning and delivery of services or comment or complain about aspects of their care face considerable complexity. This is due, in part, to the ambiguous remit set out for newly instigated Healthwatch organisations by government. Drawing on governance theory, we show that it can also be understood as a function of an increasingly polycentric governance arena. Challenges that flow from this include problems of specifying jurisdictional responsibility, accountability, and legitimacy. We review Healthwatch progress to date, then we set out four challenges facing local Healthwatch organisations before discussing the implications of these for patients and the public. The first challenge relates to non-coterminous boundaries and jurisdictional integrity. Secondly, establishing the unique features of Healthwatch is problematic in the crowded PPI arena. The third challenge arises from limited resources as well as the fact that resources flow to Healthwatch from the local authorities that Healthwatch are expected to hold to account. The fourth challenge we identify is how local Healthwatch organisations negotiate the complexity of being a partner to statutory and other organisations, while at the same time being expected to champion local people’s views.}, keywords = {Patient and Public Involvement (PPI),Consumer Involvement,Citizenship,Quality,Accountability}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3151.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3151_beaa4b2d80f2750fee112d4e0a0971c7.pdf} } @article { author = {Schein, Edgar}, title = {Whistle Blowing: A Message to Leaders and Managers; Comment on “Cultures of Silence and Cultures of Voice: The Role of Whistleblowing in Healthcare Organizations”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {265-266}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2015.207}, abstract = {This comment argues that instead of worrying about the pros and cons of whistleblowing one should focus on the more general problem of the failure of upward communication around safety and quality problems and consider what leaders and managers must do to stimulate subordinates to communicate and reward such communication. The article analyzes why safety failures occur and introduces the concept of practical drift and adaptive moves as necessary for systemic safety to be understood and better handled. It emphasizes the key role of senior leadership in creating a climate in which critical upward communication will become more likely.}, keywords = {Whistleblowing,Safety,Upward Communication,Adaptive Moves}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3134.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3134_c6e42af0d86798d83f14775705a8fff3.pdf} } @article { author = {Hyde, Paula}, title = {A Wicked Problem? Whistleblowing in Healthcare Organisations; Comment on “Cultures of Silence And Cultures of Voice: The Role of Whistleblowing in Healthcare Organisations”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {267-269}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.01}, abstract = {Mannion and Davies’ article recognises whistleblowing as an important means of identifying quality and safety issues in healthcare organisations. While ‘voice’ is a useful lens through which to examine whistleblowing, it also obscures a shifting pattern of uncertain ‘truths.’ By contextualising cultures which support or impede whislteblowing at an organisational level, two issues are overlooked; the power of wider institutional interests to silence those who might raise the alarm and changing ideas about what constitutes adequate care. A broader contextualisation of whistleblowing might illuminate further facets of this multi-dimensional problem.}, keywords = {Whistleblowing,Healthcare Organisations,Safer Care,Truth to Power}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3147.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3147_7b3d1ba3d7c1ddaeddd2a4f28f2ffdcf.pdf} } @article { author = {Mackey, Tim K.}, title = {Digital Direct-to-Consumer Advertising: A Perfect Storm of Rapid Evolution and Stagnant Regulation; Comment on “Trouble Spots in Online Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Promotion: A Content Analysis of FDA Warning Letters”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {271-274}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.11}, abstract = {The adoption and use of digital forms of direct-to-consumer advertising (also known as “eDTCA”) is on the rise. At the same time, the universe of eDTCA is expanding, as technology on Internet-based platforms continues to evolve, from static websites, to social media, and nearly ubiquitous use of mobile devices. However, little is known about how this unique form of pharmaceutical marketing impacts consumer behavior, public health, and overall healthcare utilization. The study by Kim analyzing US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) notices of violations (NOVs) and warning letters regarding online promotional activities takes us in the right direction, but study results raise as many questions as it does answers. Chief among these are unanswered concerns about the unique regulatory challenges posed by the “disruptive” qualities of eDTCA, and whether regulators have sufficient resources and oversight powers to proactively address potential violations. Further, the globalization of eDTCA via borderless Internet-based technologies raises larger concerns about the potential global impact of this form of health marketing unique to only the United States and New Zealand. Collectively, these challenges make it unlikely that regulatory science will be able to keep apace with the continued rapid evolution of eDTCA unless more creative policy solutions are explored.}, keywords = {Direct-to-Consumer Advertising (DTCA),Social Media,Pharmaceutical Marketing,Health Communication,Regulatory Science,Food and Drug Administration (FDA)}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3154.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3154_5df00e29934931108831ef564ad7be68.pdf} } @article { author = {Yang, Xiaoguang and Qian, Xu}, title = {Political Impetus: Towards a Successful Agenda-Setting for Inclusive Health Policies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries; Comment on “Shaping the Health Policy Agenda: The Case of Safe Motherhood Policy in Vietnam”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {275-277}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.10}, abstract = {Agenda-setting is a crucial step for inclusive health policies in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Enlightened by Ha et al manuscript, this commentary paper argues that ‘political impetus’ is the key to the successful agenda-setting of health policies in LMICs, though other determinants may also play the role during the process. This Vietnamese case study presents a good example for policy-makers of other LMICs; it offers insights for contexts where there are limited health resources and poor health performance. Further research which compares various stages of the health policy process across countries, is much needed.}, keywords = {Inclusive Policy,Political Impetus,Maternal Health,Vietnam}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3155.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3155_06db40702ab56ff1a27679bb9373e42b.pdf} } @article { author = {Hanefeld, Johanna}, title = {Advancing Global Health – The Need for (Better) Social Science; Comment on “Navigating Between Stealth Advocacy and Unconscious Dogmatism: The Challenge of Researching the Norms, Politics and Power of Global Health”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {279-281}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.13}, abstract = {In his perspective “Navigating between stealth advocacy and unconscious dogmatism: the challenge of researching the norms, politics and power of global health,” Ooms argues that actions taken in the field of global health are dependent not only on available resources, but on the normative premise that guides how these resources are spent. This comment sets out how the application of a predominately biomedical positivist research tradition in global health, has potentially limited understanding of the value judgements underlying decisions in the field. To redress this critical social science, including health policy analysis has much to offer, to the field of global health including on questions of governance.}, keywords = {Governance,Power,Social Science,Health Policy Analysis,Global Health}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3156.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3156_a56f4877b609e1a5c9cbe55b5888edb8.pdf} } @article { author = {Carpentier, Francesca Renee Dillman}, title = {Considering the Future of Pharmaceutical Promotions in Social Media; Comment on “Trouble Spots in Online Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Promotion: A Content Analysis of FDA Warning Letters”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {283-285}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.15}, abstract = {This commentary explores the implications of increased social media marketing by drug manufacturers, based on findings in Hyosun Kim’s article of the major themes in recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warning letters and notices of violation regarding online direct-to-consumer promotions of pharmaceuticals. Kim’s rigorous analysis of FDA letters over a 10-year span highlights a relative abundance of regulatory action toward marketer-controlled websites and sponsored advertisements, compared to branded and unbranded social media messaging. However, social media marketing efforts are increasing, as is FDA attention to these efforts. This commentary explores recent developments and continuing challenges in the FDA’s attempts to provide guidance and define pharmaceutical company accountability in marketer-controlled and -uncontrolled claims disseminated through social media.}, keywords = {Advertising,Drug,Internet,Online,Pharmaceutical,Social Media}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3158.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3158_6860de2ad6c2e41bc13a949a6b31ea29.pdf} } @article { author = {Rollins, Brent}, title = {Still the Great Debate – “Fair Balance” in Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Advertising; Comment on “Trouble Spots in Online Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Promotion: A Content Analysis of FDA Warning Letters”}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {287-288}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.17}, abstract = {The above titled paper examined the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) warning letters and notice of violations (NOV) over a 10-year period. Findings from this content analysis reinforced what has been the primary issue for prescription direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) since its beginning, the fair balance of risk and benefit information. As opposed to another analysis in 2026 about this still being an issue, is there anything that can be done to prevent this problem from continuing?}, keywords = {Food and Drug Administration (FDA),Direct-to-Consumer Advertising (DTCA),Notice of Violations (NOV),Office of Prescription Drug Promotion (OPDP),Fair Balance}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3159.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3159_c3eba2a1569361b654b9856b57228c65.pdf} } @article { author = {Binagwaho, Agnes and Scott, Kirstin}, title = {Learning Valuable Perspectives on Improving the World’s Health Through the Post-2015 Development Agenda: A Response to Recent Commentaries}, journal = {International Journal of Health Policy and Management}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {289-290}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2322-5939}, eissn = {2322-5939}, doi = {10.15171/ijhpm.2016.04}, abstract = {}, keywords = {Post-2015 Development Agenda,Millennium Development Goals,Sustainable Development Goals,Rwanda}, url = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3149.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijhpm.com/article_3149_933ccf7c0eeb0c8764d6c30868a3cc47.pdf} }